![]() At process initiation, the kernel verifies that the executable is either protected on disk or signed with special system entitlement. Processes are protected against modification and the kernel denies any attempt to attach to a protected process. Third-party developers can use /usr/local, /Applications, and /Library as locations for their code. Only system processes that have been signed with Apple’s code signing identity can write to or modify files in certain system directories. Key concepts that SIP enforces #1 – Prevent writing to system locations ![]() ![]() Some analysts contend that Apple may be moving the macOS in the very closed direction of iOS, requiring a process similar to jailbreaking in order to install apps. While Apple no doubt has only good intentions in restricting access to portions of your Mac’s operating system, some users may disagree and be concerned with the limitations enforce by SIP. It can have an impact on independently developed apps if they are not distributed through the Mac App Store. SIP protects access to system locations and prevents your system from being compromised by malicious runtime attachments to system processes. One of the factors that drove Apple to institute SIP is the threat posed by malware that could obtain unauthorized root permission on your system and take control of your computer. Root permissions in the wrong hands can cause significant damage to your system. Root control lets the user overwrite or delete any system file or app, and can be extremely dangerous if not used with caution. Mac OS X is a Unix-like operating system and as such, allowed a root user access to the entire operating system. System Integrity Protection is also known as “rootless” since it restricts the functionality of the root account on the operating system. Therefore, if you are running OS X El Capitan, macOS 10.12 Sierra, macOS 10.13 High Sierra or macOS 10.14 Mojave, you need to understand what SIP is and why Apple feels you need it on your computer. ![]() Subsequent releases, which also feature SIP, used macOS instead and then refer to the actual version. That happened to also be the last vision of Apple’s operating system named in the OS X fashion. System Integrity Protection (SIP) is a new macOS security feature that Apple first unveiled in OS X 10.11 El Capitan. ![]()
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